Method and apparatus for dynamic power sharing and managing the maximum power for a secondary carrier

ABSTRACT

Managing use of dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation is provided. A power head room report is received ( 902 ) from the master cell group. An allowed tolerance is identified ( 904 ) from the received power head room report, which includes a maximum expected possible deviation between a power level at which the user equipment requests that a communication be set and an actual power level at which the corresponding communication is transmitted. A lower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondary cell group is determined ( 906 ), which enables the user equipment to meet emission requirements during the dual carrier operation, as well as the total power constraints, while accounting for the allowed tolerance identified. The lower bound of the maximum configured power for the carrier of the secondary cell group is set ( 908 ) at the determined level.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure is directed to dynamic power sharing and managingthe maximum power for a secondary carrier, including dynamic powersharing for dual carrier operation that determines a level of a lowerbound of a maximum configured power of a secondary cell group.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Presently, user equipment, such as wireless communication devices,communicate with other communication devices using wireless signals,such as within a network environment that can include one or more cellswithin which various communication connections with the network andother devices operating within the network can be supported. Networkenvironments often involve one or more sets of standards, which eachdefine various aspects of any communication connection being made whenusing the corresponding standard within the network environment.

Examples of developing and/or existing standards include new radioaccess technology (NR), Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Universal Mobile TelecommunicationsService (UMTS), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), and/orEnhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE).

In order to support greater data throughputs, service providers havebeen increasingly looking at techniques which extend the availablebandwidth that is allowed to be used by a particular user within thesystem. At least a couple of bandwidth extending techniques include theuse of carrier aggregation, dual carrier, and/or dual connectivity,where multiple frequency bands from one or more networks are selected tooperate together. For example, by utilizing more than one carrierthrough carrier aggregation it may be possible to increase the overalltransmission bandwidth associated with a particular data channel andcorrespondingly enhance the data capacity of that channel. Additionallyand/or alternatively, a dual or multiple carrier approach can allow twoor more spectrum allocations to be paired and/or used in parallel,including spectrum allocations alternatively associated with differentstandards and/or radio access technologies, which can also be used tosupport the ability of enhanced and/or more robust data throughput.

Such a possibility might better support the beginning stages of a buildout of a network that incorporates the initial adoption for a particularstandard, where area coverage for the emerging standard at leastinitially may be less than complete. During such a period of transition,it may be beneficial to better support the transition to an emergingstandard by allowing bearers for the new standard to be supported inconjunction with the infrastructure of the more mature or previouslyestablished standard, and/or to supplement coverage of the emergingstandard with coexisting communications using the more establishedstandard.

In at least some instances, the network infrastructure supporting eachof the standards may be alternatively referred to as a cell group. Insome of these instances, one cell group may be prioritized over theother cell group. In such an instance, the prioritized cell group may bereferred to as a master cell group and a non-prioritized cell group maybe referred to as a secondary cell group.

In instances, where there are multiple connections, where in someinstance the separate connections may involve a connection with adifferent network infrastructure, managing the overall operation of thecommunication connections in a particular user equipment relative to thepotentially multiple networks can present a challenge, as some of thedecisions may need to made in an environment where each of the actorsmay have less than complete information.

The present inventor has recognized that existing specifications may beoverly conservative in terms of when a user equipment is allowed to nottransmit or scale the power used in association with the secondary cellgroup, where it is reasonable for the secondary cell group to know theintended configured power for the master cell group, and which can takeinto account an allowed tolerance identified relative to a particularcommunication with the master cell group, which in turn can be used aspart of the decision process as to whether to require the user equipmentto transmit or not transmit in the secondary cell group, as well as therespective power level.

SUMMARY

The present application provides a method in a user equipment formanaging use of dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation, whichincludes respective communications via a master cell group and asecondary cell group. A power head room report is received from themaster cell group. An allowed tolerance is identified from the receivedpower head room report, which includes a maximum expected possibledeviation between a power level at which the user equipment requeststhat a communication via the master cell group be set and an actualpower level at which the corresponding communication via the master cellgroup is transmitted. A level of a lower bound of a maximum configuredpower of the secondary cell group is determined, which enables the userequipment to meet emission requirements during the dual carrieroperation for communications via each of the master cell group and thesecondary cell group, as well as the total power constraints for anyoverall communications of the user equipment, while accounting for theallowed tolerance identified relative to any communication via themaster cell group. The lower bound of the maximum configured power forthe carrier of the secondary cell group is set at the determined level.

According to another possible embodiment, a user equipment for managinguse of dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation, which includesrespective communications via a master cell group and a secondary cellgroup is provided. The user equipment includes a transceiver thatreceives a power head room report from the master cell group. The userequipment further includes a controller, coupled to the transceiver,that identifies an allowed tolerance from the received power head roomreport, which includes a maximum expected possible deviation between apower level at which the user equipment requests that a communicationvia the master cell group be set and an actual power level at which thecorresponding communication via the master cell group is transmitted.The controller further determines a level of a lower bound of a maximumconfigured power of the secondary cell group, which enables the userequipment to meet emission requirements during the dual carrieroperation for communications via each of the master cell group and thesecondary cell group, as well as the total power constraints for anyoverall communications of the user equipment, while accounting for theallowed tolerance identified relative to any communication via themaster cell group. The controller further sets the lower bound of themaximum configured power for the carrier of the secondary cell group atthe determined level These and other objects, features, and advantagesof the present application are evident from the following description ofone or more preferred embodiments, with reference to the accompanyingdrawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary network environment in whichthe present invention is adapted to operate;

FIG. 2 is a table, which provides a summary of allowed scaling/droppingbehavior for E-UTRA-NR dual carrier with dynamic power sharing;

FIG. 3 is a graph, which illustrates allowed scaling and droppingbehavior for general inter-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrier;

FIG. 4 is a graph, which illustrates allowed behavior in technicalspecification 38.101-3 versus dynamic power sharing behavior intechnical specification 38.213, when maximum power reduction equals 2 dBfor both the LTE and NR carriers;

FIG. 5 is a graph, which illustrates allowed behavior in technicalspecification 38.101-3 versus dynamic power sharing behavior intechnical specification 38.213 for a full resource block allocation;

FIG. 6 is a graph, which illustrates an intra-band lower bound of aconfigured maximum output power for the NR carrier as a function of theconfigured LTE power;

FIG. 7 is a graph, which illustrates an inter-band lower bound of aconfigured maximum output power for the NR carrier as a function of theconfigured LTE power, when the maximum power reduction for the NRcarrier is 2 dB;

FIG. 8 is a flow diagram in a user equipment for managing use of dynamicpower sharing for dual carrier operation, including a determined levelof a lower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondary cellgroup, which accounts for an identified allowed tolerance in master cellgroup transmission;

FIG. 9 is a flow diagram in a user equipment for managing use of dynamicpower sharing for dual carrier operation, including a determined levelof a lower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondary cellgroup, which accounts for an identified allowed tolerance from a powerhead room report; and

FIG. 10 is an example block diagram of an apparatus according to apossible embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

While the present disclosure is susceptible of embodiment in variousforms, there is shown in the drawings and will hereinafter be describedpresently preferred embodiments with the understanding that the presentdisclosure is to be considered an exemplification of the invention andis not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodimentsillustrated.

Embodiments provide for managing the use of dynamic power sharingrelated to dual carrier operation.

FIG. 1 is an example block diagram of a system 100 according to apossible embodiment. The system 100 can include a wireless communicationdevice 110, such as User Equipment (UE), a base station 120, such as anenhanced NodeB (eNB) or next generation NodeB (gNB), and a network 130.The wireless communication device 110 can be a wireless terminal, aportable wireless communication device, a smartphone, a cellulartelephone, a flip phone, a personal digital assistant, a personalcomputer, a selective call receiver, a tablet computer, a laptopcomputer, or any other device that is capable of sending and receivingcommunication signals on a wireless network.

The network 130 can include any type of network that is capable ofsending and receiving wireless communication signals. For example, thenetwork 130 can include a wireless communication network, a cellulartelephone network, a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)-based network,a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)-based network, an OrthogonalFrequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based network, a Long TermEvolution (LTE) network, a 5th generation (5G) network, a 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP)-based network, a satellite communicationsnetwork, a high altitude platform network, the Internet, and/or othercommunications networks.

As has been previously noted, the technical specification (TS) 38.101-3for the 3rd Generation Partnership Project Group Radio Access Network,entitled “NR; User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception; Part3: Range 1 and Range 2 Interworking operation with other radios”, doesnot require the dynamic power sharing UE to implement dynamic powersharing in the sense defined in technical specification (TS) 38.213 forthe 3rd Generation Partnership Project Group Radio Access Network,entitled “NR; Physical layer procedures for control”. In particular, theUE is always allowed to assume that the master cell group (MCG) for longterm evolution (LTE) is transmitting at its stand-alone maximum powerP_(CMAX, E-UTRA) when determining if the secondary cell group (SCG)should be scaled or dropped, regardless of the actual power transmittedon the MCG. As a consequence of this definition, the dynamic powersharing UE is not required to implement dynamic power sharing in thesense that there is no requirement that the power not used by the MCG bemade available to the SCG.

The scaling and dropping conditions in TS 38.101-3 depend on conditions‘a’ and ‘b’ which are defined as the following:

a=10 log₁₀[p _(CMAX_E-UTRA,c)(p)+p _(CMAX,f,c,NR)(q)]P _(EN-DC,tot_L);and

b=10 log₁₀[p _(CMAX_E-UTRA,c)(P)+p _(CMAX,f,c,NR)(q)/X_scale]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L).

where the UE is allowed to drop the NR carrier if ‘b’ is true and the UEis allowed to scale p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) by X_scale if ‘a’ is TRUE and ‘b’ isFALSE. As previously noted, current requirements in TS 38.101-3 haveseveral negative consequences, including the following:

-   -   i) For multiple realistic deployment scenarios, the condition        ‘b’ is always TRUE and the dynamic power sharing UE is allowed        to drop the SCG carrier whenever there is an MCG transmission.    -   ii) For deployment scenarios for which condition ‘a’ is TRUE and        condition ‘b’ is FALSE, the UE is allowed to scale the SCG even        when no scaling is needed to meet either emissions or total        power constraints.    -   iii) There is no requirement that that power not used by the MCG        be made available to the SCG. Thus, the specification allows        dynamic power sharing, but does not require it.

Fundamentally, in order to require the UE to implement dynamic powersharing in the sense described in TS 38.213, P_(CMAX_L) for the SCG mustbe a function of the actual MCG power {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG).Concerns were expressed about the feasibility and testability of such arequirement due to the fact that {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG) is notknown precisely to the UE due to absolute power tolerances. In thepresent filing, we address these concerns and consider alternativeproposals for defining a dynamic power sharing requirement which allowsthe UE to make power not used by the LTE carrier available to the NRcarrier.

Bad Behavior Allowed with the SCG Scaling/Dropping Conditions in TS38.101-3

The scaling and dropping rules in TS 38.101-3 have been studied for avariety of intra-band and inter-band EN-DC scenarios, and the resultsare provided in FIG. 2. More specifically, FIG. 2 illustrates a table200, which provides a summary of allowed scaling/dropping behavior forE-UTRA-NR dual carrier with dynamic power sharing.

From the table illustrated in FIG. 2, we have the following fourobservations:

-   Observation 1: For DC_(n)71AA, the UE is always allowed to drop the    SCG transmission when there is an MCG transmission, and this is true    regardless of the RB allocations, the modulations, the value of    X_scale, and the actual transmission power on the MCG, {circumflex    over (P)}_(MCG).-   Observation 2: For the general intra-band non-contiguous EN-DC    scenario in Table 1, the UE is always allowed to drop the SCG    transmission when there is an MCG transmission, regardless of the RB    allocations, the modulations, the value of X_scale, and the actual    transmission power on the MCG, {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG).-   Observation 3: For the general intra-band contiguous EN-DC scenario    in Table 1, if the modulation for the MCG is 64-QAM or less, the UE    is always allowed to drop the SCG transmission when there is an MCG    transmission, and this is true regardless of the RB allocations, the    value of X_scale, and the actual transmission power on the MCG,    {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG).-   Observation 4: For the general inter-band EN-DC scenario in Table 1,    if the order of the modulation for both the MCG and SCG is 64-QAM or    less, the UE is always allowed to scale the SCG transmission when    there is an MCG transmission, and this is true regardless of the RB    allocations, the value of X_scale, and the actual transmission power    on the MCG, {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG).

We now consider some more detailed examples illustrating the differencebetween the RAN1 requirement in TS 38.213 and the behavior that isallowed in TS 38.101-3.

Example 1: General Inter-Band EN-DC without Network Signaling (NS)

We consider the general inter-band case without NS signaling from FIG. 2in which P_(LTE)=P_(NR)=P_(ENDC)=23 dBm. Depending on the maximum powerreduction (MPR) taken on each of the carriers, any of the followingconditions is possible.

a=FALSE no scaling or dropping of the SCG is allowed

a=TRUE, b=FALSE SCG scaling allowed

a=TRUE, b=TRUE SCG dropping always allowed

The different regions are marked in FIG. 3. More particularly, FIG. 3 isa graph 300, which illustrates allowed scaling and dropping behavior forgeneral inter-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrier. It should be noted that theseregions depend on the MPR (which depends on the modulation type and theallocation size and location) but are independent of the actualtransmission powers {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG) and {circumflex over(P)}_(SCG). From FIG. 3, it can be observed that the UE is alwaysallowed to scale or drop the NR carrier if the modulation order on bothcarriers is less than or equal to 64-QAM (quadrature amplitudemodulation) (for which the MPR=3 dB) even if no scaling is needed tomeet either emissions or total power constraints. The UE is onlyrequired to transmit the NR carrier without scaling in the region abovethe blue line, and in this region either the LTE carrier or the NRcarrier must be transmitting 256-QAM so that the allowed MPR on at leastone of the two carriers is greater than 3 dB.

We now consider the allowed behavior of the UE in the case that the MPRon both the LTE and NR carriers is equal to 2 dB. For this case, the sumof P_(cmax,L) for the LTE and NR carriers is given by

10 log₁₀(10^((23−2)/10)+10^((23-2)/10))=24 dBm

so that condition ‘a’ is TRUE. If we assume that X_scale is 6 dB, thenwe have

10 log₁₀(10^((23−2)/10)+10^((23−2−6)/10))=22 dBm,

so that the condition ‘b’ is FALSE. As a result, the UE is required totransmit the NR carrier but is allowed to set P_(CMAX_L) for the NRcarrier equal to 15 dBm, no matter how little power is transmitted onthe LTE carrier. For example, if the LTE carrier is only transmitting 13dBm, the NR carrier is only required to transmit a maximum of 15 dBmeven though it could transmit as much as 21 dBm and still meet bothemissions and total power constraints.

This problem is illustrated in FIG. 4 in which it can be seen thatP_(CMAX_L) for the NR carrier is 6 dB less than it would be with dynamicpower sharing as described in TS 38.213. More specifically, FIG. 4 is agraph, which illustrates allowed behavior in technical specification38.101-3 versus dynamic power sharing behavior in technicalspecification 38.213, when maximum power reduction equals 2 dB for boththe LTE and NR carriers. From this example, it should be clear that eventhough the UE must transmit the NR carrier when a=TRUE and b=FALSE,dynamic power sharing is not required since the UE is never required totransmit more than 15 dBm on the NR carrier. It is thus possible for aUE which indicates support of dynamic power sharing to meet therequirements in TS 38.101-3 without requiring the UE to share power notused by the LTE carrier with the NR carrier.

Example 2: DC_(n)71AA

We next consider the example of DC_(n)71AA from FIG. 2 for the scenarioin which P_(LTE)=P_(NR)=P_(ENDC)=23 dBm. As noted in the table 200 ofFIG. 2, for this example the UE is always allowed to drop the NR carrierwhenever there is a transmission on the LTE carrier. Thus, P_(CMAX_L)for the NR carrier is essentially 0 in linear terms, as is illustratedin the FIG. 5, no matter how little power {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG) istransmitted on the MCG. More specifically, FIG. 5 is a graph 500, whichillustrates allowed behavior in technical specification 38.101-3 versusdynamic power sharing behavior in technical specification 38.213 for afull resource block allocation.

While TS 38.101-3 always allows the UE to drop the NR carrier, there issignificant power that could be transmitted on the NR carrier whilestill meeting both emissions and total power constraints. In FIG. 5, thepower that could be transmitted is shown as a function {circumflex over(P)}_(MCG) for a full allocation for which the total additional maximumpower reduction (A-MPR) is 6.5 dB for cyclic prefix orthogonal frequencydivision multiplexing (CP-OFDM). The second curve corresponds toP_(cmax,L) previously proposed and is consistent with the dynamic powersharing requirements in TS 38.213.

Verification of Dynamic Power Sharing

Multiple previous contributions have suggested that the problemsidentified in the table 200 of FIG. 2 and illustrated in the graphs ofFIGS. 3-5 can be resolved by modifying the parameters P_(LTE), P_(NR),and P_(ENDC) so that dropping can be avoided by ensuring the condition‘b’ is FALSE, and scaling can be avoided by ensuring condition ‘a’ isFALSE. However, this approach does not resolve the issue, since ifcondition ‘a’ is FALSE, no dynamic power sharing is needed at all (andthus it is not tested), and if condition ‘b’ is FALSE, the UE may stillscale the P_(cmax) for the NR carrier by X_scale even when no scaling isneeded as is indicated in Example 1 above. Fundamentally, dynamic powersharing cannot be tested when the LTE carrier is at maximum powerbecause dynamic power sharing is the requirement that the UE share powerthat is not needed by the LTE carrier with the NR carrier.

As has been previously discussed, two types of test requirements can beconsidered for dynamic power sharing:

-   -   i) A qualitative requirement in which the measured NR transmit        power must increase as the measured LTE power decreases. For        this requirement, the UE is given power ‘up’ commands for both        the LTE and NR carriers until the output power reaches steady        state. The power is measured for both the LTE and NR carriers.        The UE is then given several “down” power control commands for        LTE after which it is given continuous “up” power control        commands for NR. After the NR power reaches steady state, the        measured NR power is recorded. As the LTE power is reduced with        each set of “down” power control commands on the LTE carrier        followed by “up” power commands for the NR carrier, the measured        NR power must increase in order to meet the qualitative        requirement.    -   ii) A quantitative requirement in which the measured NR power is        compared to a modified P_(CMAX,L) for the NR carrier. For this        requirement, P_(CMAX,L) for the NR carrier is determined from a        measurement of {circumflex over (P)}_(MCG) for the LTE carrier.        The UE is given continuous “up” power control commands for the        NR carrier until the NR output power reaches steady state. The        measured NR power must then be greater than the modified        P_(CMAX,L) for the NR carrier in order to meet the quantitative        requirement.

A qualitative test can be used without any change of the P_(cmax,L)definition for the NR carrier as it is only checking the desired generalbehavior that as less power is transmitted over the LTE carrier, morepower is made available to the NR carrier. Conversely, a quantitativetest requires a value of P_(cmax,L) for the NR carrier that is afunction of the LTE power so for a test requirement, we propose thefollowing.

Intra-Band EN-DC

For intra-band EN-DC when condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote theconfigured power for the LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(EN-DC,tot_L) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))10)),PCMAX_L,NR),

where T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power upper tolerance for theconfigured power in TS 36.101, P̆_(MCG) is less than or equal toP_(cmax_E-UTRA), and we only consider the case that condition ‘a’ isTRUE as otherwise no change is needed. Also, P_(EN-DC,tot_L) is usedbecause P_(Total) ^(EN-DC) is a variable that is internal to the UE.Since the UE knows its configured LTE power P̆_(MCG), it also knows itsallowed tolerance and can use this when setting P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS). Whentesting dynamic power sharing, the test equipment configures P̆_(MCG) forthe LTE carrier and then gives power ‘up’ commands to the NR carrieruntil reaches the steady state. Since both the UE and the test equipmentknow the configured power P̆_(MCG), the upper tolerance T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG))is also known to both. The maximum NR power is then required to exceedthe value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1. In accordance with at least one embodiment, for intra-bandEN-DC when condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote the configuredpower for the LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(EN-DC,tot_L) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(EN-DC,totL)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power upper tolerance for theconfigured power in TS 36.101. The maximum NR power is required toexceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

FIG. 6 is a graph 600, which illustrates an intra-band lower bound of aconfigured maximum output power for the NR carrier as a function of theconfigured LTE power.

Inter-Band EN-DC

The situation is slightly different since for inter-band EN-DCP_(EN-DC,tot_L) is not defined and the definition of P_(Total) ^(EN-DC)does not include the MPR/A-MPR needed to meet emissions constraints onthe NR carrier. Thus, for inter-band EN-DC we propose the following.

For inter-band EN-DC when condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote theconfigured power for the LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(Total) ^(EN-DC) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P _(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is from 6.2B.4.1.3 of TS 38.101-3, T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG))is the E-UTRA power upper tolerance for the configured power from TS36.101, P̆_(MCG) is less than or equal to P_(cmax_E-UTRA), and we onlyconsider the case that condition ‘a’ is TRUE as otherwise no change isneeded. As in the intra-band case, since the UE knows its configured LTEpower P̆_(MCG), it also knows its allowed tolerance and can use this whensetting P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS). When testing dynamic power sharing, the testequipment configures P̆_(MCG) for the LTE carrier and then gives power‘up’ commands to the NR carrier until the NR power reaches steady state.Since both the UE and the test equipment know the configured powerP̆_(MCG), the upper tolerance T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is also known to both.The maximum NR power is then required to exceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

The proposed requirement on P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) is shown in FIG. 7 for anexample in which the MPR for the NR carrier is 2 dB, so thatP_(CMAX_L,NR)=21 dB. Also shown in FIG. 7 is the existing requirementfrom TS 38.101-3 as well as the TS 38.213 requirement (both from FIG.4). It is very interesting to note that because tolerances are includedas in this embodiment, P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) may actually drop below theexisting TS 38.101-3 requirement when the MCG power is above 17 dBm. Iftolerance is not a concern in this region, then the UE can use themaximum of the TS 38.101-3 requirement and P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS).

FIG. 7 is a graph 700, which illustrates an inter-band lower bound of aconfigured maximum output power for the NR carrier as a function of theconfigured LTE power, when the maximum power reduction for the NRcarrier is 2 dB.

In accordance with at least a further embodiment, for inter-band EN-DCwhen condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote the configured power forthe LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(Total) ^(EN-DC) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P _(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is from 6.2B.4.1.3 of TS 38.101-3 andT_(HIGH)({circumflex over (P)}_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power uppertolerance for the configured power from TS 36.101. The maximum NR poweris required to exceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

Verification of dynamic power sharing is needed to ensure that UE'sbehave as intended from TS 38.213 and so that the bad behaviorillustrated above does not occur. From the operator's perspective, thebehavior of the UE must be predictable, and currently there is too muchuncertainty in the UE implementation. For this reason proposals havebeen made for defining requirements which do not allow the UE to drop orscale the NR carrier whenever condition ‘a’ is TRUE if neither droppingnor scaling are needed to meet either emissions or total powerconstraints. As a result, we have the following examples of proposals inaccordance with at least some embodiments for intra-band and inter-bandEN-DC, respectively.

In accordance with at least one embodiment, for intra-band EN-DC whencondition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote the configured power for theLTE carrier in dB. If

P _(EN-DC,tot_L) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR),

where T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power upper tolerance for theconfigured power in TS 36.101. The maximum NR power is required toexceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

In accordance with at least a further embodiment, for inter-band EN-DCwhen condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote the configured power forthe LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(Total) ^(EN-DC) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P _(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is from 6.2B.4.1.3 of TS 38.101-3 andT_(HIGH)({circumflex over (P)}_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power uppertolerance for the configured power from TS 36.101. The maximum NR poweris required to exceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be modified toincorporate an estimate of the MCG power based on the UE's reportedheadroom for the LTE carrier. In particular, the transmitted MCG powercan be determined from a power headroom report for the LTE carrier thatincludes configured Pcmax. With both configured Pcmax and the powerheadroom, P_(MCG) can be estimated as

P _(CMAX E-UTRA,c)(P)−PHR _(E-UTRA)

In accordance with at least some embodiments below, P_(CMAX E-UTRA,c)(p)−PHR_(E-UTRA) can be used as the configured power in place of P̆_(MCG)to determine P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS).

More specifically in accordance with at least one embodiment, forintra-band EN-DC when condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote theconfigured power for the LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(EN-DC,tot_L) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}(P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power upper tolerance for theconfigured power in TS 36.101. The maximum NR power is required toexceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

In accordance with at least a further embodiment, for inter-band EN-DCwhen condition ‘a’ is TRUE, let P̆_(MCG) denote the configured power forthe LTE carrier in dB. If

P _(Total) ^(EN-DC) ≤P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆ _(MCG)),

then the NR carrier may be dropped. Otherwise, define

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P _(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆ _(MCG) +T _(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P _(CMAX_L,NR)),

where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is from 6.2B.4.1.3 of TS 38.101-3 andT_(HIGH)({circumflex over (P)}_(MCG)) is the E-UTRA power uppertolerance for the configured power from TS 36.101. The maximum NR poweris required to exceed the value

P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS) −T _(LOW)(P _(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)),

where T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is the NR power lower tolerance from TS38.101-1.

The present disclosure attempts to identify how to define requirementsfor EN-DC dynamic power sharing. Currently, dynamic power sharing UE'sare only required to prioritize LTE, but there is no requirement thatunused LTE power be made available to the NR carrier. As noted above asignificant problem with prior systems can include that the UE does notknow precisely how much power is transmitted on the LTE carrier and sodoes not know how much power remains for the NR carrier.

Prior solutions have been proposed, but so far none have been accepted.An issue that has not been resolved is how to deal with the tolerancesfor the configured power.

Correspondingly in accordance with at least some embodiments of thepresent application, For EN-DC, it may be desirable to define newPcmax,L on the NR carrier for testing purposes that takes into accountthe tolerances on the configured power of the LTE carrier.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram 800 in a user equipment for managinguse of dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation, including adetermined level of a lower bound of a maximum configured power of thesecondary cell group, which accounts for an identified allowed powertolerance in master cell group transmission. In accordance with at leastone embodiment, the method can include identifying 802 an allowedtolerance corresponding to a maximum expected possible deviation betweena power level at which the user equipment requests that a communicationvia the master cell group be set and an actual power level at which thecorresponding communication via the master cell group is transmitted. Alevel of a lower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondarycell group can be determined 804, which enables the user equipment tomeet emission requirements during the dual carrier operation forcommunications via each of the master cell group and the secondary cellgroup, as well as the total power constraints for any overallcommunications of the user equipment, while accounting for the allowedtolerance identified relative to any communication via the master cellgroup. The lower bound of the maximum configured power for the carrierof the secondary cell group can be set 806 at the determined level.

In some instances, the master cell group and the secondary cell groupassociated with the dual connectivity mode can include an operation inaccordance with multiple cellular standards. In some of these instances,the multiple cellular standards can include evolved universalterrestrial radio access (E-UTRA)/long term evolution (LTE), and newradio (NR). In some of these instances, the master cell group can beassociated with the evolved universal terrestrial radio access/long termevolution cellular standard, and the secondary cell group can beassociated with the new radio cellular standard.

In some instances, the user equipment can be configured for intra-banddual carrier operation. In some of these instances, the intra-band dualcarrier operation can include intra-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrierincluding an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition 10log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_ E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) can denote a configured power for the LTE carrier in dBand P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over( )}(P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)), P_(CMAX_L,NR)) whereT_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is an allowed upper tolerance for the configured powerfor the LTE carrier, and a maximum NR power must equal or exceed a valueP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)−T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) whereT_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) Is an allowed lower tolerance for aconfigured power for the NR carrier.

In some instances, the user equipment can be configured for inter-banddual carrier operation. In some of these instances, the inter-band dualcarrier operation can include inter-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrierincluding an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition 10log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) can denotes a configured power for the LTE carrier in dBand P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P_(CMAX_L,NR)), where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is a lower bound of a configuredmaximum output power, T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)) is an allowed upper tolerancefor the configured power for the LTE carrier, and P̆_(MCG) is less thanor equal to P_(cmax_E-UTRA). In some of these instances,P_(CMAX_L,NR)=MIN{P_(EMAX, EN-DC),(P_(PowerClass, EN-DC)−ΔP_(PowerClass,EN-DC)), MIN(P_(EMAX),P_(NR))−ΔT_(C_NR),(P_(PowerClass)−ΔP_(PowerClass))−MAX(MPR+A-MPR+ΔT_(IB)+ΔT_(C_NR)+ΔT_(RxSRS),P-MPR)}.

In some instances, the emission requirements can include one or more ofspectral emissions mask requirements, adjacent channel leakagerequirements, or spurious emissions requirements. In some of theseinstances, the spectral emissions mask requirement can include arequirement for a respective spectral emissions mask for each carrierthat must be met, which is based upon a measurement of out of channelemissions not exceeding a predetermined set value. Further, the adjacentchannel leakage requirements can include a requirement that a ratio ofpower that leaks into an adjacent channel relative to power in a desiredchannel not exceed a predetermined set value. Still further, thespurious emissions requirements can include a requirement that an amountof power that leaks into a spectrum farther than the adjacent channelnot exceed a predetermined set value.

In some instances, the method can further comprise verifying thatdynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation is supported, wherepower from the maximum configured power that is not used in support of acommunication via the master cell group is made available to support acommunication via the secondary cell group. In some of these instances,verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation issupported can include a qualitative requirement that the power measuredfor the communication associated with the secondary cell groupincreases, when the power measured for the communication associated withthe master cell group decreases. In the same or other instances,verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation issupported can include a quantitative requirement that the power measuredfor the communication associated with the secondary cell group mustexceed a lower bound of the maximum configured power of the secondarycell group after accounting for an amount of power measured from acommunication via the master cell group, as well as the identifiedallowed tolerance corresponding to the maximum expected possibledeviation.

FIG. 9 illustrates a flow diagram 900 in a user equipment for managinguse of dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation, including adetermined level of a lower bound of a maximum configured power of thesecondary cell group, which accounts for an identified allowed tolerancefrom a power head room report. In accordance with at least oneembodiment, the method can include receiving 902 a power head roomreport from the master cell group. An allowed tolerance can beidentified 904 from the received power head room report, which includesa maximum expected possible deviation between a power level at which theuser equipment requests that a communication via the master cell groupbe set and an actual power level at which the correspondingcommunication via the master cell group is transmitted. A level of alower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondary cell groupcan be determined 906, which enables the user equipment to meet emissionrequirements during the dual carrier operation for communications viaeach of the master cell group and the secondary cell group, as well asthe total power constraints for any overall communications of the userequipment, while accounting for the allowed tolerance identifiedrelative to any communication via the master cell group. The lower boundof the maximum configured power for the carrier of the secondary cellgroup can be set 908 at the determined level.

In some instances, the master cell group and the secondary cell groupassociated with the dual connectivity mode can include an operation inaccordance with multiple cellular standards. In some of these instances,the multiple cellular standards can include evolved universalterrestrial radio access (E-UTRA)/long term evolution (LTE), and newradio (NR). In some of these instances, the master cell group can beassociated with the evolved universal terrestrial radio access/long termevolution cellular standard, and the secondary cell group can beassociated with the new radio cellular standard.

In some instances, the user equipment can be configured for intra-banddual carrier operation. In some of these instances, the intra-band dualcarrier operation can include intra-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrierincluding an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition 10log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_ E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) can denote a configured power for the LTE carrier in dBand wherein when P_(EN-DC,tot_L)≤P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)), then the NRcarrier may be dropped, otherwise, definingP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over( )}((P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)), P_(CMAX_L,NR)), whereT_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG))) is an allowed upper tolerance for the configuredpower for the LTE carrier, and a maximum NR power must equal or exceed avalue P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)−T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) whereT_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is an allowed lower tolerance for aconfigured power for the NR carrier.

In some instances, the user equipment can be configured for inter-banddual carrier operation. In some of these instances, the inter-band dualcarrier operation can include inter-band E-UTRA-NR dual carrierincluding an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition 10log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_ E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) can denote a configured power for the LTE carrier in dBand wherein when P_(Total) ^(EN-DC)≤P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)), then theNR carrier may be dropped, otherwise, definingP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over( )}((P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)), P_(CMAX_L,NR)), whereP_(CMAX_L,NR) is a lower bound of a configured maximum output power,T_(HIGH)({circumflex over (P)}_(MCG)) is an allowed upper tolerance forthe configured power for the LTE carrier, and a maximum NR power mustexceed the value P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)−T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)), whereT_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) Is an allowed lower tolerance for aconfigured power for the NR carrier.

In some instances, the emission requirements can include one or more ofspectral emissions mask requirements, adjacent channel leakagerequirements, or spurious emissions requirements. In some of theseinstances, the spectral emissions mask requirement can include arequirement for a respective spectral emissions mask for each carrierthat must be met, which is based upon a measurement of out of channelemissions not exceeding a predetermined set value. Further, the adjacentchannel leakage requirements can include a requirement that a ratio ofpower that leaks into an adjacent channel relative to power in a desiredchannel not exceed a predetermined set value. Still further, thespurious emissions requirements can include a requirement that an amountof power that leaks into a spectrum farther than the adjacent channelnot exceed a predetermined set value.

In some instances, the method can further comprise verifying thatdynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation is supported, wherepower from the maximum configured power that is not used in support of acommunication via the master cell group is made available to support acommunication via the secondary cell group. In some of these instances,verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation issupported can include a qualitative requirement that the power measuredfor the communication associated with the secondary cell groupincreases, when the power measured for the communication associated withthe master cell group decreases. In the same or other instances,verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation issupported can include a quantitative requirement that the power measuredfor the communication associated with the secondary cell group mustexceed a lower bound of the maximum configured power of the secondarycell group after accounting for an amount of power measured from acommunication via the master cell group, as well as the identifiedallowed tolerance corresponding to the maximum expected possibledeviation.

It should be understood that, notwithstanding the particular steps asshown in the figures, a variety of additional or different steps can beperformed depending upon the embodiment, and one or more of theparticular steps can be rearranged, repeated or eliminated entirelydepending upon the embodiment. Also, some of the steps performed can berepeated on an ongoing or continuous basis simultaneously while othersteps are performed. Furthermore, different steps can be performed bydifferent elements or in a single element of the disclosed embodiments.Additionally, a network entity, such as a base station, transmission andreception point, or other network entity, can perform reciprocaloperations of a UE. For example, the network entity can transmit signalsreceived by the UE and can receive signals transmitted by the UE. Thenetwork entity can also process and operate on sent and receivedsignals.

FIG. 10 is an example block diagram of an apparatus 1000, such as thewireless communication device 110, according to a possible embodiment.The apparatus 1000 can include a housing 1010, a controller 1020 withinthe housing 1010, audio input and output circuitry 1030 coupled to thecontroller 1020, a display 1040 coupled to the controller 1020, atransceiver 1050 coupled to the controller 1020, an antenna 1055 coupledto the transceiver 1050, a user interface 1060 coupled to the controller1020, a memory 1070 coupled to the controller 1020, and a networkinterface 1080 coupled to the controller 1020. The apparatus 1000 canperform the methods described in all the embodiments The display 1040can be a viewfinder, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emittingdiode (LED) display, a plasma display, a projection display, a touchscreen, or any other device that displays information. The transceiver1050 can include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The audio input andoutput circuitry 1030 can include a microphone, a speaker, a transducer,or any other audio input and output circuitry. The user interface 1060can include a keypad, a keyboard, buttons, a touch pad, a joystick, atouch screen display, another additional display, or any other deviceuseful for providing an interface between a user and an electronicdevice. The network interface 1080 can be a Universal Serial Bus (USB)port, an Ethernet port, an infrared transmitter/receiver, an IEEE 1394port, a WLAN transceiver, or any other interface that can connect anapparatus to a network, device, or computer and that can transmit andreceive data communication signals. The memory 1070 can include a randomaccess memory, a read only memory, an optical memory, a solid statememory, a flash memory, a removable memory, a hard drive, a cache, orany other memory that can be coupled to an apparatus.

The apparatus 1000 or the controller 1020 may implement any operatingsystem, such as Microsoft Windows®, UNIX®, or LINUX®, Android™, or anyother operating system. Apparatus operation software may be written inany programming language, such as C, C++, Java or Visual Basic, forexample. Apparatus software may also run on an application framework,such as, for example, a Java® framework, a NET® framework, or any otherapplication framework. The software and/or the operating system may bestored in the memory 1070 or elsewhere on the apparatus 1000. Theapparatus 1000 or the controller 1020 may also use hardware to implementdisclosed operations. For example, the controller 1020 may be anyprogrammable processor. Disclosed embodiments may also be implemented ona general-purpose or a special purpose computer, a programmedmicroprocessor or microprocessor, peripheral integrated circuitelements, an application-specific integrated circuit or other integratedcircuits, hardware/electronic logic circuits, such as a discrete elementcircuit, a programmable logic device, such as a programmable logicarray, field programmable gate-array, or the like. In general, thecontroller 1020 may be any controller or processor device or devicescapable of operating an apparatus and implementing the disclosedembodiments. Some or all of the additional elements of the apparatus1000 can also perform some or all of the operations of the disclosedembodiments.

The method of this disclosure can be implemented on a programmedprocessor. However, the controllers, flowcharts, and modules may also beimplemented on a general purpose or special purpose computer, aprogrammed microprocessor or microcontroller and peripheral integratedcircuit elements, an integrated circuit, a hardware electronic or logiccircuit such as a discrete element circuit, a programmable logic device,or the like. In general, any device on which resides a finite statemachine capable of implementing the flowcharts shown in the figures maybe used to implement the processor functions of this disclosure.

While this disclosure has been described with specific embodimentsthereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, andvariations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example,various components of the embodiments may be interchanged, added, orsubstituted in the other embodiments. Also, all of the elements of eachfigure are not necessary for operation of the disclosed embodiments. Forexample, one of ordinary skill in the art of the disclosed embodimentswould be enabled to make and use the teachings of the disclosure bysimply employing the elements of the independent claims. Accordingly,embodiments of the disclosure as set forth herein are intended to beillustrative, not limiting. Various changes may be made withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the disclosure.

In this document, relational terms such as “first,” “second,” and thelike may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from anotherentity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actualsuch relationship or order between such entities or actions. The phrase“at least one of,” “at least one selected from the group of,” or “atleast one selected from” followed by a list is defined to mean one,some, or all, but not necessarily all of, the elements in the list. Theterms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” or any other variationthereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that aprocess, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elementsdoes not include only those elements but may include other elements notexpressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, orapparatus. An element proceeded by “a,” “an,” or the like does not,without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identicalelements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprisesthe element. Also, the term “another” is defined as at least a second ormore. The terms “including,” “having,” and the like, as used herein, aredefined as “comprising.” Furthermore, the background section is writtenas the inventor's own understanding of the context of some embodimentsat the time of filing and includes the inventor's own recognition of anyproblems with existing technologies and/or problems experienced in theinventor's own work.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method in a user equipment for managing use ofdynamic power sharing for dual carrier operation, which includesrespective communications via a master cell group and a secondary cellgroup, the method comprising: receiving a power head room report fromthe master cell group; identifying an allowed tolerance from thereceived power head room report, which includes a maximum expectedpossible deviation between a power level at which the user equipmentrequests that a communication via the master cell group be set and anactual power level at which the corresponding communication via themaster cell group is transmitted; determining a level of a lower boundof a maximum configured power of the secondary cell group, which enablesthe user equipment to meet emission requirements during the dual carrieroperation for communications via each of the master cell group and thesecondary cell group, as well as the total power constraints for anyoverall communications of the user equipment, while accounting for theallowed tolerance identified relative to any communication via themaster cell group; and setting the lower bound of the maximum configuredpower for the carrier of the secondary cell group at the determinedlevel.
 2. The method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the master cellgroup and the secondary cell group associated with the dual connectivitymode includes an operation in accordance with multiple cellularstandards.
 3. The method in accordance with claim 2, wherein themultiple cellular standards include evolved universal terrestrial radioaccess (E-UTRA)/long term evolution (LTE), and new radio (NR).
 4. Themethod in accordance with claim 3, wherein the master cell group isassociated with the evolved universal terrestrial radio access/long termevolution cellular standard, and the secondary cell group is associatedwith the new radio cellular standard.
 5. The method in accordance withclaim 1, wherein the user equipment is configured for intra-band dualcarrier operation.
 6. The method in accordance with claim 5, wherein theintra-band dual carrier operation includes intra-band E-UTRA-NR dualcarrier including an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition10 log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) denotes a configured power for the LTE carrier in dB andwherein when P_(EN-DC,tot_L)≤P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)), then the NRcarrier may be dropped, otherwise, definingP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over( )}(P_(EN-DC,tot_L)/10)−10{circumflex over( )}((P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)), P_(CMAX_L,NR)), whereT_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG))) is an allowed upper tolerance for the configuredpower for the LTE carrier, and a maximum NR power must equal or exceed avalue P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)−T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) whereT_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is an allowed lower tolerance for aconfigured power for the NR carrier.
 7. The method in accordance withclaim 1, wherein the user equipment is configured for inter-band dualcarrier operation.
 8. The method in accordance with claim 7, wherein theinter-band dual carrier operation includes inter-band E-UTRA-NR dualcarrier including an LTE carrier and an NR carrier, and when a condition10 log₁₀ [p_(CMAX_E-UTRA,c) (p)+p_(CMAX,f,c,NR) (q)]>P_(EN-DC,tot_L) isTRUE, P̆_(MCG) denotes a configured power for the LTE carrier in dB andwherein when P_(Total) ^(EN-DC)≥P̆MCG+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)), then the NRcarrier may be dropped, otherwise, definingP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)=min(10*log10(10{circumflex over ( )}(P_(Total)^(EN-DC)/10)−10{circumflex over ( )}((P̆_(MCG)+T_(HIGH)(P̆_(MCG)))/10)),P_(CMAX_L,NR)), where P_(CMAX_L,NR) is a lower bound of a configuredmaximum output power, T_(HIGH)({circumflex over (P)}_(MCG)) is anallowed upper tolerance for the configured power for the LTE carrier,and a maximum NR power must exceed the valueP_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)−T_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)), whereT_(LOW)(P_(CMAX_L,NR_DPS)) is an allowed lower tolerance for aconfigured power for the NR carrier.
 9. The method in accordance withclaim 1, wherein the emission requirements include one or more ofspectral emissions mask requirements, adjacent channel leakagerequirements, or spurious emissions requirements.
 10. The method inaccordance with claim 9, wherein the spectral emissions mask requirementincludes a requirement for a respective spectral emissions mask for eachcarrier that must be met, which is based upon a measurement of out ofchannel emissions not exceeding a set absolute value.
 11. The method inaccordance with claim 9, wherein the adjacent channel leakagerequirements include a requirement that a ratio of power that leaks intoan adjacent channel relative to power in a desired channel not exceed apredetermined set value.
 12. The method in accordance with claim 9,wherein the spurious emissions requirements includes a requirement thatan amount of power that leaks into a spectrum farther than the adjacentchannel not exceed a predetermined set value.
 13. The method inaccordance with claim 1, further comprising verifying that dynamic powersharing for dual carrier operation is supported, where power from themaximum configured power that is not used in support of a communicationvia the master cell group is made available to support a communicationvia the secondary cell group.
 14. The method in accordance with claim13, wherein verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrieroperation is supported includes a qualitative requirement that the powermeasured for the communication associated with the secondary cell groupincreases, when the power measured for the communication associated withthe master cell group decreases.
 15. The method in accordance with claim13, wherein verifying that the dynamic power sharing for dual carrieroperation is supported includes a quantitative requirement that thepower measured for the communication associated with the secondary cellgroup must exceed a a lower bound of the maximum configured power of thesecondary cell group after accounting for an amount of power measuredfrom a communication via the master cell group, as well as theidentified allowed tolerance corresponding to the maximum expectedpossible deviation.
 16. A user equipment for managing use of dynamicpower sharing for dual carrier operation, which includes respectivecommunications via a master cell group and a secondary cell group, theuser equipment comprising: a transceiver that receives a power head roomreport from the master cell group; and a controller, coupled to thetransceiver, that identifies an allowed tolerance from the receivedpower head room report, which includes a maximum expected possibledeviation between a power level at which the user equipment requeststhat a communication via the master cell group be set and an actualpower level at which the corresponding communication via the master cellgroup is transmitted; wherein the controller further determines a levelof a lower bound of a maximum configured power of the secondary cellgroup, which enables the user equipment to meet emission requirementsduring the dual carrier operation for communications via each of themaster cell group and the secondary cell group, as well as the totalpower constraints for any overall communications of the user equipment,while accounting for the allowed tolerance identified relative to anycommunication via the master cell group; and wherein the controllerfurther sets the lower bound of the maximum configured power for thecarrier of the secondary cell group at the determined level.
 17. Theuser equipment in accordance with claim 16, wherein the master cellgroup and the secondary cell group associated with the dual connectivitymode includes an operation in accordance with multiple cellularstandards.
 18. The user equipment in accordance with claim 17, whereinthe multiple cellular standards include evolved universal terrestrialradio access (E-UTRA)/long term evolution (LTE), and new radio (NR). 19.The user equipment in accordance with claim 18, wherein the master cellgroup is associated with the evolved universal terrestrial radioaccess/long term evolution cellular standard, and the secondary cellgroup is associated with the new radio cellular standard.